Expansible and contractible reel holder



Nov. 3, 1953 TAYLOR 2,657,874

EXPANSIBLE AND CONTRACTIBLE REEL HOLDER Filed Dec. 18, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR EARL LOINE TAYLOR BYH ATTORNEY NOV. 3, 1953 TAYLOR 2,657,874

EXPANSIBLE AND CONTRACTIBLE REEL HOLDER Filed Dec. 18, 1-951 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 F I G. 4.

INVENTOR EARL LOINE TAYLOR BY M ATTORNE Nov. 3, 1953 E. TAYLOR ,657, 7

EXPANSIBLE AND CONTRACTIBLEI REEL HOLDER Filed Dec. 18, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR E ARL LOI NE TAYLOR M ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 3, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE EXPANSIBLE AND CONTRACTIBLE REEL HOLDER 12 Claims. 1

This application is a continuation-in-part of application Serial No. 211,271, filed February 16, 1951, for Expanding Reel Bar, now abandoned.

This invention relates to improvements in reel holders and more particularly to expansible and contractible reel holders for use in winding and unwinding paper, cloth, metal strip or other forms of flexible material.

Flexible material of the character mentioned above is generally wound in rolls or coils for shipment to the dispensing point where it is unwound as its use is required. In order to obtain a compact roll the material is tightly wound on a reel, and during the dispensing operation the material is unwound under tension to prevent overrunning and loosening up of the unused portion of the roll. These procedures require a positive connection between the reel and a reel supporting shaft, which connection must be readily disengageable so that a full reel may be readily replaced with an empty reel in a winding operation, or an empty reel replaced with a full reel at the dispensing point.

There are numerous devices in the prior art for forming a positive disengageable connection between a reel and a reel supporting shaft. However, none of these devices constitute a simple, reliable or effective solution to this problem. For example, in many instances the reel is secured to a shaft by means of a tapered chuck or chucks which are hammered between the reel and the shaft. These chucks must be replaced frequently due to damage from the required hammering, while the reel and the roll of material are subject to damage since the reel is generally split and since the chuck may be missed and the material or reel hit during the hammering operation. Also, considerable time is lost due to the manual operations required. Furthermore, the expanding mandrels and arbors found in the prior art are not adequate for this purpose. These devices are structurally defective in that they are unable to carry heavy loads, or they do not constitute a practical solution inasmuch as they comprise extremely complicated arrangements requiring high procurement and maintenance costs.

In some cases, such as with metal strip, the material is wound in a coil without a supporting reel or core member. In handling such material, the device of the present invention receives the coil directly and thus acts as a reel instead of a reel holder.

It is therefore an object of the present inven tion to provide a novel expansible and contractible reel holder for use in winding and unwinding flexible material, which is of simple design and capable of low cost manufacture yet being of rugged construction providing long life under heavy loads.

Another object is to provide a novel expansible and contractible reel holder which includes acomparatively small number of moving parts and which expands or contracts automatically in response to rotation of a supporting shaft.

Another object is to provide a novel expansible and contractible reel holder of the foregoing character that may be easily slid on and off a supporting shaft without special manipulation or adjustments of component parts.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a novel expansible or contractible reel holder which includes a rotatably mounted reel supporting casing including an expanding segment adapted to project outwardly and contact the internal diameter of the reel in clamping relation upon rotation of the shaft with an arrangement for preventing relative rotation between the reel and the casing prior to the clamping action by the expanding segment.

Still another object is to provide a novel expansible and contractible reel holder of the foregoing character including an arrangement for locking the shaft and the casing for positive unitary rotation after the segment is in clamping relation with the reel.

A still further object of the present invention is to provide a novel expansible and contractible reel holder of the character described above which may be utilized alone to support a single roll of material or in pairs to support a roll of extremely wide material.

Other objects and features of the present in vention will appear more fully from the following detailed description considered in connection with the accompanying drawings which disclose several embodiments of the invention. It is expressly understood however that the drawings are designed for the purpose of illustration only and not as a definitionof the limits of the invention, reference for the latter purpose being had to the appended claims.

In the drawings wherein similar reference characters denote similar elements throughout the several views:

Fig. 1 is a view in side elevation of an expansible and contractible reel holder constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a view partially in section along the line 2-2 of Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is an isometric view illustrating the device of the present invention in an axaggerated expanded position to show more clearly its internal construction;

Fig. 4 is a view in longitudinal section illustrating the device in a contracted position;

Fig. 5 is a. view in end elevation illustrating a feature of the present invention in greater detail;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view through the line 6-6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. '7 is an isometric view illustrating a device constructed in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a side elevational view illustrating a portion of the device shown in Fig. '7;

Fig. 9 is an end elevational view illustrating a portion of the device shown in Fig. 7;

Fig. 10 is a top view illustrating a of the device shown in Fig. "7, and

Fig. 11 is a sectional view illustrating an ex pansible and contractible reel holder includin another feature provided by the present invention.

With reference to the drawings, and particularly to Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, an expansible and contractible reel holder embodying the principle of the present invention is shown therein including a hollow cylindrical casing It provided with bearing means H and I2 at its ends for rotatably supporting a shaft 13 in concentric relation. One end of the casing I is providedv with a circumferential bevel H to aid in the positioning of a reel on the casing, such as a reel I5, while the other end is provided with a cylindrical flange it which functions as a stop for the reel i as well as for a roll of flexible material l1 wound on the reel. The cylindrical casing should have a diameter slightly less than the internal diameter of the reel it is designed to receive, and when employed singularly its length should at least equal the transverse dimension of the reel. As will be discussed more fully hereafter, a device of the present invention including a cylindrical casing of a given diameter and length is operable singularly or in pairs in connection with differently sized reels. The shaft 12 is provided with supporting bearings, not shown, as well as a mechanism of conventional construction, not shown, for rotating the shaft when material is being wound upon the reel or for retarding rotation of the shaft during the unwinding operation.

The casing l0 includes a movable portion or segment l8 located between the bearings H and I2 and extending approximately 180 around the circumference of the casing. Of course it is understood that the segment may extend a greater or less degree around the casing. One edge I! of the segment is pivotally secured to the casing by hinge means 20 including a cooperating pin 2| extending longitudinally of the casing parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the shaft l3. With this arrangement the segment is swingable about the pin 2| from a closed or contracted position wherein its free edge 22 is in. abutting relation. with a cooperating edge 23 of the casing, in which. position the outer surface of the segment is substantially coextensive with the outer surface of the casing, to an open or expanded position wherein the segment projects beyond the circumference of the casing, as illustrated in Fig. 3 in an exaggerated manner. Although thesegment is shown substantially coextensive with the outer surface of the casing when in the contracted position, it is expressly understood that the segment may occupy a contracted position below the circumferential surface of the casing. It is apparent that a reel may be easily inserted over the casing with the segment I8 in its closed or contracted position, and that the reel may be positively secured to the casing by moving the segment to its open or expanded position with sufllcient force to exert the necessary pressure against the internal surface of the reel.

As discussed above, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a comparatively simple mechanism of rugged construction for expanding and contracting the segment I8 of the cylindrical casing l0 responsively to rotation of the shaft ll. As shown in the drawings, this mechanism includes a flat external surfac 24 on the shaft [3 forming shoulders 25 and 26. and an inwardly extending projection on the movable segment I8 terminated in a flat internal surface 21. The shoulders 25 and 26 extend longitudinally of the shaft at equal distances from its central longitudinal axis, while the edges 2. and. 29 of the flat internal surface 21 extend longitudinally of the segment parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the shaft. The flat surfaces 24 and 21 are shown extending throughout the length of the shaft and the segment respectively, however it is to be expressly understood that the flat external surface on the shaft may extend only throughout the region of the segment or throughout a portion of the shaft within the region of the segment and that the flat internal surface may only extend throughout a portion of the segment. The shoulders or edges 2! and 26 comprise a pair of operating elements which are adapted to cooperate with segment operating elements to expand the segment upon rotation of the shaft in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. In particular, the inwardly extending projection terminated in. the surface 21 is formed to position the surface 21 in all positions between the contracted and expanded positions of the segment in the path of the edges 25 or 26 upon rotation of the shaft in one direcion or the other. With this arrangement the edge 26 will contact the surface 21 and swing the segment outwardly about the pivot 2| upon rotation of the shaft in a counterclockwise direction as illustrated in Fig. 2. When the shaft rotation is clockwise, the edge 25 will contact another portion of the internal surface to effect segment expansion. Of course to establish this relationship, the spacing between the surface 21 and the edges 25 and 26, with the segment contracted, can never equal or exceed the radius of the shaft. Also, the relative positions of the surfaces 24 and 21 must be such to allow the segment to move into a fully contracted position.

When the expansible and contractlble reel holder described above is employed in connection with a machine for winding flexible material. such as paper upon a reel, the casing 10 and the shaft 13 are relatively positioned so that the segment [8 occupies the closed or contracted pooltion to allow the reel 15, which may have an internal diameter slightly greater than the dineter of the cylindrical casing Hi, to be inserted over the casing and pushed against the flange I6. The material to be wound is then secured to the external surface of the reel by an adhesive material or any other suitable means. The shaft 13 is then rotated in the proper direction to wind the material upon the core, such as in a counterclockwise direction as illustrated in Fig. 2. Upon initial rotation of the shaft, the casing ID will remain stationary and contact will be established between one of the shoulders on the shaft, such as the shoulder 26, and a point on the internal fiat surface 21 of the segment l8. Upon further rotation of the shaft the segment [8 will be forced outwardly against the internal surface of the reel. When the force between the segment and the reel exceeds the force necessary to wind the material on the reel, the casing l and the reel will rotate in unison with the shaft and the material will be wound on the reel in a conventional manner. When a sufficient or desired quantity of material has been wound upon the reel, rotation of the shaft may be stopped and the reel may be removed from the casing upon moving the segment to its contracted position by merely rotating the shaft slightly in the opposite direction or by rotating the casing H) in a counterclockwise direction with the shaft held stationary. The operation is similar when the device is employed in a machine for unwinding material from a reel. In such cases a restraining force is applied to the shaft and the expanding pressure is provided by the force required for unwinding the material.

In order to prevent substantial movement between the shaft and the cylindrical casing or between the cylindrical casing and the reel when the shaft is suddenly stopped during the winding operation or when the material is suddenly released during the unwinding operation the present invention provides a latch mechanism 3%.]. As shown more particularly in Figs. 5 and 6, the latch mechanism includes a collar 3| provided with an opening 32 for passage of the shaft I3. A ratchet 33, provided with teeth 34 and 35 on opposite edges, is connected by a set screw 36 to an axle 36a supported between a pair of legs 31-31 extending upwardly from the collar 3|. The portion 38 of the axle between the legs is squarely shaped, or is provided with four facets, for cooperation with a lug 39 partially housed in a socket 40 against a spring 4| which forces the lug into contact with one side of the portion 38. With this structure the ratchet 33 may be securely positioned to the right or left of the vertical axis of the collar 3! as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 5. Pawls 42 and 43 are secured to the face of the flange l6 for cooperation with the teeth 34 and 35, respectively, when the ratchet occupies either of the two positions. With this arrangement, when the shaft is rotated in clockwise direction to expand the segment 18, the ratchet 33 may be positioned for engagement between the teeth 34 and the pawl 42 to thus lock the segment in its expanded position and prevent relative rotation between the shaft and the cylindrical casing which might occur if the shaft was suddenly stopped during a winding operation or if the material was released during an unwinding operation. When a counterclockwise rotation is required to establish the expanded position the ratchet 33 is moved into the position shown in broken lines in Figs. 3 and 5 for cooperation between the teeth 35 and the pawl 43. An opening 44 is provided in the periphery of the flange 16 to receive a rod for rotating the cylindrical casing l0 relative to the shaft [3 to establish an expanded position so that the latch mechanism 30 may be moved to its locked position prior to rotation of the shaft.

The present invention also provides a novel arrangement for preventing relative rotation between the cylindrical casing l0 and a reel supported thereby prior to movement of the segment l8 into its expanded position. In some instances, especially where very little friction exists between the internal surface of the reel and the external surface of the cylindrical casing and when the shaft is accelerated rapidly, slippage or lost motion may occur between the cylindrical casing and the reel. This occurrence may result in jerking operation and possible damage to the material. The means provided by the present invention for preventing occurrence of this inconvenience is illustrated in Figs. 7, 8, 9 and 10 of the drawings and includes a small fillet 45 positioned in the neighborhood of the area of contact between the flange l6 and the cylindrical casing in. The fillet 45 includes a wide base 46 at the apex of the angle formed between the flange l6 and the cylindrical casing Ill. The fillet extends away from the apex throughout the angle with a gradually decreasing width to form a knife edge 41. The knife edge 41 extends throughout the angle in spaced relation with surfaces of the casing and the flange with its ends terminated at points on these surfaces spaced from the apex of the angle. When a reel is inserted over the cylindrical casing l0 and pushed into abutting relation with the flange IS the knife edge 41 of the fillet will cut into the reel as illustrated in Fig. 8. This arrangement establishes a positive connection between the cylindrical casing l 0 and the reel of sufficient strength to carry starting loads and thus allow the segment l8 to move into its expanded position without lost motion or slippage. The fillet 45 performs a cutting and wedging action. In some instances, such as when the reel is constructed of substantially hard material, it may be preferable to provide a fillet which functions by employing a wedging action alone. Such an arrangement may comprise a slightly expanded portion on the cylindrical casing as it approaches the flange [6.

The expansible and contractible reel holder illustrated in Fig. 11 of the drawings includes a novel feature for substantially eliminating all lost motion between the shaft and the cylindrical casing before the expanding or contracting action takes place without requiring additional elements or operational steps. This is accomplished by providing a movable segment 50 having a fiat internal surface 5|, and a shaft 52 having a flat external surface 53, with the flat surfaces SI and 53 being in optimum spaced relation. As shown in the drawing, with the segment contracted, the flat surfaces 5| and 53 are in substantial contact throughout their areas when in parallel relation. With this arrangement it is apparent that upon the slightest degree of relative rotation between the shaft and th casing the flat surfaces 5| and 53 will cooperate to move the segment into its expanded position.

The novel feature of the expansible and contractible reel or reel holder disclosed herein renders the device capable of being easily slipped on or off a supporting shaft without special manipulation or adjustment of component parts. This feature is especially advantageous in cases when the reel holder must be removed from the supporting shaft during normal operation.

The reel holder provided by the present invention may be employed for holding a reel of a length corresponding to the length of the casing as illustrated in Fig. l, or they may be employed in pairs to support heavy loads on a reel having a transverse dimension substantially greater than the combined lengths of the reel holders. In such cases the reel holders are positioned in cppcsed relation on a shaft and spaced by the reelv the ends of the reel extending over the casings and abutting the flange members. The shaft is provided with bearings outside the flanged ends of the reel holders. When it is desired to support or remove a reel, the shaft is removed from its supporting bearings and one of the reel holden is slidably removed from the shaft to allow a reel to be mounted or removed.

For convenience, the term reel as used throughout this application includes a coil within its meaning.

While several embodiments of the invention have been disclosed and described above, it is expressly understood that various changes and substitutions may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention as well understood by those skilled in the art. Reference therefore will be had to the appended claims for a definition of the limits of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. An expansible and contractible reel holder for establishing a positive disengageable connection between a reel and a supporting shaft comprising a reel supporting casing, bearing means rotatably mounting the casing on the shaft, the casing having a flange for limiting longitudinal movement of the reel in one direction on the casing, the casing including a movable segment, means pivotally mounting the segment with respect to the casing for swinging movement from a contracted position to an expanded position I projecting outwardly from the casing against the reel, 9, flat external surfac on the shaft within the region of the segment, a flat internal surface on the segment in opposed relation with the flat external surface on the shaft, and a sharp fillet formed in the region of the point of contact between the casing and the flange adapted to contact the reel to prevent relative rotation between the casing and the reel upon relative rotation between the shaft and the casing before the segment is moved outwardly to secure the reel on the casing.

'2. An expansible and contractible reel holder adapted to be slipped over and operatively positioned on a supporting shaft having a flat surface, comprising a reel supporting casing having a longitudinal opening to receive the shaft, the casing including a movable segment, pivotal means mounting the segment with respect to the casing for swinging movement about an axis parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the casing from a contracted position to an expanded position wherein a portion projects outwardly from the casing, and the segment including an internal fiat surface, the internal fiat surface of the segment being in the region of the flat surface of the shaft when the reel holder is operatively positioned on the shaft, and the flat surfaces being in contiguous relation when the segment is in the contracted position.

3. An expansible and contractible reel holder adapted to be slipped over and operatively positioned on a supporting shaft having a flat surface comprising a reel supporting casing having spaced bearing means for receiving the shaft, the casing being spaced from the shaft in the region between the bearing means and including a movable segment, means mounting the segment with respect to the casing for movement from a contracted position to an expanded position 8 wherein a portion projects outwardly from the casing, and the segment including an internal projection terminating in an internal surface, the internal surface of the segment being in the region of the flat surface on the shaft when the reel holder is operatively positioned on the shaft and in the path of the flat surface on the shaft upon rotation of the shaft relative to the casing.-

4. An expansible and contractible reel holder comprising a. supporting shaft, a cylindrical cas ing, spaced bearing means rotatably supporting the casing on the shaft, the casing being spaced from the shaft between the bearing means and including a movable segment, hinge means pivotally mounting the segment with respect to the casing for swinging movement about an axis adjacent one edge of the segment parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the casing from I. contracted position in substantial circumferential alignment with the casing to an expanded position projecting outwardly from the circumference of the casing, the supporting shaft including a substantially fiat external surface between the bearing means in the region of the segment form'- ing a pair of spaced edges extending longitudinally of the shaft parallel to its central longitudinal axis, and the segment including an extension projecting inwardly toward the shaft and terminated in a substantially flat internal surface, the flat internal surface in all positions between the contracted position and the expanded position lying in the path of one of the spaced edges upon. rotation of the shaft in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction relative to the casing.

5. An expansible and contractible reel holder comprising a supporting shaft, a cylindrical casing, spaced bearing means for rotatably support ing the casing on the shaft, the casing being spaced from the shaft between the bearing means and including a movable segment between the bearing means, hinge means carried by the se ment to pivotally mount the segment with respect to the casing about an axis adjacent an edge of the segment parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the casing for swinging movement from a contracted position in substantial circumferential alignment with the casing to an expanded position projecting outwardly from the circumference of the casing, the supporting shaft including a fiat external surface forming a pair of spaced shoulders extending along the shaft throughout the region of the segment parallel to its central longitudinal axis, the segment including an extension projecting inwardly toward the shaft and terminated in a fiat internal surface extending throughout the length of the segment parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the shaft and lying in contiguous relation with the flat external surface of the shaft in the contracted position of the segment.

6. An expansible and contractible reel holder comprising a supporting shaft, a reel supporting casing rotatably mounted on the shaft, the casing including a movable segment, means mounting the segment for movement with respect to the casing from a contracted position to an expanded position projecting outwardly from the casing, the supporting shaft including operating element means in the region of the segment, the segment including an internal surface in the region of the operating element means of the shaft, the internal surface of the segment lying in the path of the operating element means upon rotation of the shaft, and latch means for locking the casing to the shaft when the segment is in the expanded position.

7. An expansible and contractible reel holder adapted to be slipped over and operatively positioned on a supporting shaft having a flat surface forming a pair of spaced edges extending longitudinally of the shaft parallel to its longitudinal axis, comprising a reel supporting casing, bearing means for rotatably supporting the casing on the shaft, the casing including a movable segment, means for pivotally mounting the segment with respect to the casing for swinging movement about an axis parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the casing from a contracted position to an expanded position projecting outwardly from the casing against the internal surface of the reel, a fiat internal surface on the segment, the flat internal surface on the segment being in the region of the flat external surface on the shaft when the reel holder is cperatively positioned on the shaft ind lying in the path of the spaced edges upon rotation of the shaft in a clockwise or a counter-clockwise direction relative to the casmg.

8. An expansble and contractible reel holder adapted to be slipped over and operatively positioned on a supporting shaft having a flat surface, comprising a reel supporting casing having a longitudinal opening to receive the shaft, the casing including a movable segment, pivotal means mounting the segment with respect to the casing for swinging movement about an axis parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the casing from a contracted position to an expanded position wherein a portion projects outwardly from the casing and contacts the reel, the see-- ment including an internal fiat surface. the internal fiat surface of the segment being in the region of the fiat surface of the shaft when the reel holder is operatively positioned on the shaft, the flat surfaces being in contiguous relation when the segment is in the contracted position, and means carried by the casing for engaging the reel When the reel is in supported position on the casing for preventing relative rotation between the casing and the reel upon rotation of the shaft before the segment is moved to the expanded position.

9. An expansible and contractible reel holder adapted to be slipped over and operatively positioned on a supporting shaft having a fiat surface, comprising a reel supporting casing having spaced bearing means for receiving the shaft, the casing being spaced from the shaft in the region between the bearing means and including a movable segment, means mounting the segment with respect to the casing for movement from a contracted position to an expanded position wherein a portion projects outwardly from the casing and contacts the reel, the segment including an internal projection terminating in an internal surface, the internal surface of the segment being in the region of the flat surface on the shaft when the reel holder is operatively positioned on the shaft and in the path of the fiat surface on the shaft upon rotation of the shaft relative to the casing, and means carried by the casing for engaging the reel when the 'rcel is in supported position on the casing to prevent relative rotation between the casing and the reel upon rotation of the shaft before the segment is moved to the expanded position.

10. An expansible and contractible reel holder adapted to be slipped over and operatively positioned on a supporting shaft having a fiat surface forming a pair of spaced edges extending longitudinally of the shaft parallel to its longicasin on the shaft, the casing including a movable segment, means for pivotally. mounting the segment with respect to the casing for swinging movement about an axis parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the casing from a contracted position to an expanded position projecting outwardly from the casing against the internal surface of the reel, a flat internal surface on the segment, the flat internal surface on the segment being in the region of the flat external surface on the shaft when the reel holder is operatively positioned on the shaft and lying in the path of the spaced edges upon rotation of the shaft in a clockwise or a counterclockwise direction relative to the casing, and means carried by the casing for engaging the reel when the reel is in supported position on the casing to prevent relative rotation between the casing and the reel upon rotation of the shaft before the segment is moved to the expanded position.

11. An expansible and contractible reel holder adapted to be slipped over and operatively positioned on a supporting shaft having a flat surface forming a pair of spaced edges extending longitudinally of the shaft parallel to its longitudinal axis, comprising a cylindrical casing, spaced bearing means rotatably supporting the casing on the shaft, the casing being spaced from the shaft between the bearing means and including a movable segment, hinge means pivotally mounting the segment with respect to the casing for swinging movement about an axis adjacent one edge of the segment parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the casing from a contracted position in substantial circumferential alignment with the casing to an expanded position projecting outwardly from the circumference of the casing the segment including an extension projecting inwardly toward the shaft and terminated in a substantial flat internal surface, the flat internal surface on the segment extension being in the region of a flat surface on the shaft when the reel holder is operatively positioned on the shaft, and the flat internal surface in all positions between the contracted position and the expanded position lying in the path of one of the spaced edges upon rotation of the shaft in a clockwise or a counterclockwise direction relative to the casing.

12. An expansible and contractible reel holder adapted to be slipped over and operatively positioned on a. supporting shaft having a flat surface forming a pair of spaced edges extending longitudinally of the shaft parallel to its longitudinal axis, comprising a cylindrical casing, spaced bearing means for rotatably supporting the casing on the shaft, the casing being spaced from the shaft between the bearing means and ncluding a movable segment between the bearmg means, hinge means carried by the segment casing, the segment includ- 1 1 parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the lhlft. the flat internal surface on the segment hem: in the region of the flat internal surface 0! the shaft when the reel holder is operatlvely positioned on the shaft, and lying in contiguous relation with the flat external surface 01 the shalt in the contracted position of the segment.

EARL LOINE TAYLOR.

References Cited in the file 0! this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number 5 1,110,651 1,592,359 2,354,322

Name Date Sheahan Sept. 15, 1914 Hawk July 13, 1926 Lane July 25, 1944 

